No, only simple tree and defence tree.
Flowers do grow more or less randomly, can be moved between asteroids, and when planted on a tree, they enhance it:
- a simple tree with a flower grows super seedlings (with roughly double stats).
- a defence tree with a flower grows one laser mine (if it gets destroyed, tree immediately grows a new one). Mines are slow, very powerful, devastating against 10-20 seedlings, butchered by 70-100 seedlings (think of tanks and infantry).
Good luck!